What distinguishes first-degree murder from second-degree murder?

First-degree murder is characterized by both intent and premeditation, which sets it apart from second-degree murder. This distinguishes first-degree murder as a planned and deliberate act where the individual has thought about the killing beforehand and made the conscious decision to carry it out. The necessity for both intent and premeditation indicates that the defendant had a clear and defined intention to kill, demonstrating a more severe level of culpability.

In contrast, second-degree murder typically involves intentional actions that result in death, but without the premeditated aspect. This means that while the act may be intentional, it was not planned in advance. For instance, a person who suddenly kills someone in a fit of rage may be charged with second-degree murder because the act was impulsive rather than plotted out beforehand. Other forms of second-degree murder could involve reckless acts that inflict fatal harm but do not involve the same intent or foresight as first-degree murder.

Thus, the requirement of intent and premeditation firmly categorizes an act as first-degree murder, making the correct answer relevant and accurate in distinguishing these two degrees of murder.